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Type
2 Diabetes and Obesity, 2nd Edition
K. Chapman-Novakofski, RD, LDN, PhD
To order the complete course click below:
| C206 |
10 CPEUs |
$84.95 |
NEW
Edition
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|
(Manual, 128 pgs) This learning program will help you:
- recognize the role of adipose tissue in the development of obesity
and type 2 diabetes
- discover the role of obesity in the development of insulin resistance
- use endocrine changes to explain how medical nutrition therapy can
be successful in the prevention and treatment of obesity and type
2 diabetes
- diagnose obesity, pre-diabetes, and type 2 diabetes
- discuss the differences between methods of body fat assessments
- use medical nutrition guidelines to develop meal plans with modifications
of fat, protein, carbohydrate and calories
- explain the glycemic index and glycemic load
- describe dietary fat modification and its implications on obesity
and type 2 diabetes treatment
- recognize the importance of both aerobic and strength training in
the treatment of both obesity and type 2 diabetes
- explain the rationale and mechanism of medication used for the treatment
of obesity and type 2 diabetes
For more information and customer comments, click
here.
Approved/Accepted by ADA, DMA, NCBDE
RDs & DTRs:
Suggested Learning Need Codes for the Prof. Dev. Portfolio
2000, 2020, 2050, 2070, 2090, 2100, 2110, 3000, 3005, 3010, 3020, 3030,
3040, 3060, 3080, 4000, 4010, 4020, 4030, 4040, 4050, 4060, 5000, 5190,
5260, 5370
To order the complete course click below:
| C206 |
10 CPEUs |
$84.95 |
|
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To order an additional Reporting Form click below:
| C206F |
10 CPEUs |
$30.00 |
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Type 2 Diabetes
and Obesity, 2nd Edition
Karen Chapman-Novakofski, RD, LDN, PhD
© 2010 Wolf Rinke Associates, Inc. All rights reserved for this
self-directed learning program. Reproduction in whole or part without
written permission from the publisher is prohibited.
CUSTOMER COMMENTS
Courtney Goff: "this course is exactly what I needed--up
to date, comprehensive, confidence boosting. I also always appreciate
the ease of ordering and timely delivery service."
Karen Coles: "The case studies were helpful, kept
my interest and applied knowledge."
Amelia Murphy Bell: "Course was practically oriented. Course was
peer reviewed."
OVERVIEW AND INSTRUCTIONS
Obesity and diabetes are both increasing in the U.S. population. Obesity
is a strong predictor of type 2 diabetes, although everyone who is obese
does not have diabetes. Genetics, environment, and adipose tissue distribution
also are determinants of diabetes development (Dagogo-Jack, 2003).
Nutrition therapy has been shown to have a significant impact on weight
loss, glycemic control, and lipid profiles in persons with diabetes
(Banister et al, 2004; Lemon et al, 2004; Gaetke et al, 2006). Effective
nutrition therapy requires careful meal planning and food selection
(American Diabetes Association, 2009). Adherence to a meal plan has
been reported to be the least well-adhered-to selfcare activity (Daly
et al, 2009). Indeed, research has shown that people with diabetes have
limited knowledge of how to apply nutrition information to meal plans
(Miller et al., 1997; Herrejon et al, 2009). Patients with diabetes
have also indicated that adherence to both oral medication and insulin
regimens are higher than adherence to moderate dietary modifications
(Vijan et al, 2005). The goal of this educational program is to provide
the nutrition professional with an understanding of the pathology of
these conditions. In addition, the nutrition professional will develop
competency in designing strategies to prevent or treat obesity and type
2 diabetes.
Chapter 1 describes the normal physiology of tissues and systems involved
in the non-obese, non-diabetic person as well as how these tissues and
secretions change with obesity and insulin resistance. In Chapter 2,
the theories of how obesity is involved in the development of type 2
diabetes are explained. The pathophysiology and diagnosis of pre-diabetes,
type 2 diabetes, and obesity are included in Chapter 3.
Medical Nutrition Therapy for type 2 diabetes and its application to
obesity are the focus of Chapter 4. Modifications of fat, protein, and
carbohydrate are described as well as the recommended distribution of
the macronutrients. Information about sugar substitutes, fiber, and
the glycemic index are also included.
Exercise and physical activity are important considerations in both
type 2 diabetes and obesity. The role of aerobic and strength training
in these conditions is explored in Chapter 5. Equally important is knowledge
of medications used to treat diabetes and obesity, which are included
in Chapter 6. Clinical implications are highlighted in each chapter.
A case study integrates the information from these six chapters and
provides examples of diagnosis and treatment. Also included is a listing
of additional sources for your continued learning as well as organizations
that are resources for additional information or updates.
This self-directed learning program is a Level 2 Continuing Professional
Education (CPE) program approved for 10 Continuing Professional Education
Units (CPEUs), meaning that the reader has general knowledge of the
literature and professional practice within the area covered. The focus
of the program is to enhance knowledge and application.
To get the most benefit from this program, I suggest that you follow
these four steps:
Step 1: Review the objectives for the program.
Step 2: Study each chapter. As you read, think of patients or clients
from your own practice who fit the situation described.
Step 3: Assess what you have learned by completing the self-assessment
instrument at the end of this program.
Step 4: Compare your answers to the answer key that has been provided.
If you score at least 80% correct, you are ready to transfer your answers
to the CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION (CPE) REPORTING FORM. If you
scored less than 80% correct, re-read this learning program until you
score at least 80% correct.
After you have successfully completed this program, fill out the CPE
REPORTING FORM and:
Mail to: Wolf Rinke Associates, Inc., P.O. Box 350, Clarksville, MD
21029,
Or fax to: (410) 531-9282,
Or submit on-line at www.easyCPEcredits.com.
We will e-mail your Certificate of Completion.
When you submit your CPEU Reporting Form to us via mail, fax or www.easyCPEcredits.com,
be sure to write your correct email address in the space provided on
the CPE Reporting Form. If writing by hand, be sure to print your e-mail
address clearly.
To ensure that our e-mails are delivered to your inbox (instead of
your junk/spam folders), please add cpesupport@wolfrinke.com to your
Address Book or Safe List of allowed email senders. Also, be sure to
allow attachments from this email address.
Happy Learning!
Karen Chapman-Novakofski, RD, LDN, PhD
OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this accredited, self-directed learning program,
the nutrition professional should be able to:
- assess the role of adipose tissue in the development of obesity
and type 2 diabetes
- formulate three hypotheses that explain the role of obesity in the
development of insulin resistance
- interpret endocrine changes to explain how medical nutrition therapy
can be successful in the prevention and treatment of obesity and type
2 diabetes
- apply guidelines for the diagnosis of obesity, pre-diabetes, and
type 2 diabetes
- assess the effectiveness of different methods of body fat assessment
- apply medical nutrition guidelines to develop meal plans with modifications
of fat, protein, carbohydrate, and calories
- explain the glycemic index and glycemic load to patients and clients
- discuss dietary fat modification and its implications on obesity
and type 2 diabetes treatment with patients and clients
- evaluate the importance of aerobic and strength training in the
treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes
- explain the rationale and mechanism of medication used for the treatment
of obesity and type 2 diabetes to patients and clients
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1. NORMAL PHYSIOLOGY 1
Adipocytes 1
Adipose Tissue 1
Adipose Tissue Distribution 2
Endocrine Function 3
Pancreas 4
Insulin 5
Glucagon 7
Somatostatin 8
Pituitary gland 8
Growth hormone 8
Adrenal glands 9
Cortisol 9
Epinephrine and norepinephrine 9
Stomach and gastrointestinal tract 10
Ghrelin 10
Peptide YY3-36 10
Adipose tissue 10
Leptin 11
Adiponectin 12
Resistin 13
Cytokines 13
Protease inhibitors 13
Clinical Implications 14
CHAPTER 2. OBESITY'S ROLE IN TYPE 2 DIABETES 15
Genetic Studies 15
Portal/Visceral Fat Hypothesis 17
Ectopic Fat Storage Hypothesis 17
Adipose Tissue As Endocrine Organ Hypothesis 18
Clinical Implications 18
CHAPTER 3. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, CLASSIFICATIONS, DIAGNOSIS,
AND SYMPTOMS 21
Pre-Diabetes 21
Type 2 Diabetes 22
Obesity 24
Body mass index 24
Waist circumference 25
Skinfold thicknesses 25
Measurements of body fat for research rather
than clinical applications 26
Bioelectrical impedance analysis 26
Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry 26
Computed tomography 27
Magnetic resonance imaging 27
Clinical implications 27
CHAPTER 4. DIET AND THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AND OBESITY 29
Modification of Fat 30
Total fat 30
Saturated fat 30
Unsaturated fat 31
Omega-three fatty acids 31
Trans fatty acids 33
Modification of Protein 34
Modification of Carbohydrate 35
Total carbohydrates 35
Fructose 35
Whole grains and fiber 37
Glycemic response 38
Low calorie nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners 40
Modification of Calories 41
Distribution of Macronutrients 44
Meal Planning Tools 44
The plate method 45
Food Guide Pyramid (MyPyramid) 45
Pre-planned menus 47
The exchange system 47
Carbohydrate counting 49
Clinical Implications 51
CHAPTER 5. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AND
OBESITY 53
Aerobic Activity 54
Resistance Training or Strength Training 56
Recommendations 57
Clinical Implications 58
CHAPTER 6. MEDICATIONS AND THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2
DIABETES AND OBESITY 59
Oral Medications for Treatment of Diabetes 59
Sulfonylureas 60
Glinides 61
Biguanides 61
Thiazolidinediones 62
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors 63
Dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (DPP-4) 64
Injectable Medications for Treatment of Diabetes 64
Insulin 64
Amylin analogs 66
Incretin mimetics 66
Oral Medications for Treatment of Obesity 66
Clinical Implications 68
CASE STUDY 1 71
CASE STUDY 2 77
CASE STUDY 3 83
REFERENCES 87
FOR YOUR CONTINUING LEARNING 97
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 99
GLOSSARY 101
RESOURCES 105
SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 109
ANSWER KEY 119
EXPLANATION OF ANSWERS TO SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS 121
ABOUT THE AUTHOR 127
ABOUT WOLF RINKE ASSOCIATES, INC. 128
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dr. Chapman-Novakofski earned her bachelor's degree from the University
of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, her master's degree from Eastern Illinois
University, and her doctorate from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
She completed her dietetic internship at the University of Alabama in
Birmingham, was a dietitian at the VA Medical Center in Danville, Illinois,
for 11 years, has been at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
in the College of Medicine since 1983 and in the Department of Food
Science and Human Nutrition and Division of Nutritional Sciences since
1991.
As a Professor, Dr. Chapman-Novakofski has more than 200 abstracts,
proceedings, and journal publications, most addressing some aspect of
geriatric nutrition. In addition to healthy aging, her research and
publications address diabetes and nutrition education strategies for
this age group. She has written the newsletter Diabetes Lifelines since
2000, which is posted and archived on the website http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/
diabetes/index.html in English and Spanish. She also maintains the Your
Guide to Diet and Diabetes website at http://urbanext.illinois.edu/diabetes2/.
In 2004, Dr. Chapman-Novakofski was honored with two awards: the Mid-Career
Award in Nutrition Education from the Society for Nutrition Education
and the Innovative or Outstanding Team Program from Illinois Extension
for their community-based diabetes education program. In 2006 Dr. Chapman-Novakofski
received the Outstanding Research Paper Award from the American Dietetic
Association Diabetes Care and Education Practice Group, and in 2008
she received the Abbott Award for Women's Health from the American Dietetic
Association Foundation.
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